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circle of fifths

The twelve keys arranged in a wheel so neighbors differ by one note. Distance on the circle is harmonic distance.

The twelve keys laid out in a wheel, so each neighbor is a fifth away and differs by exactly one note. Distance around the circle is harmonic distance: nearby keys share almost everything, so moves between them feel smooth. It also explains why there are twelve keys, and why the circle only closes by cheating (see equal temperament).

Learn it: The circle of fifths

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